How to Use Physician Compare to Extract Free Physician Information

The Physician Compare website is a common and free way to acquire very basic physician data. Not only can you look up information on specific providers using the Physician Compare search tool, you can also download the physician and other clinician data as a set of CSV files. The files contain clinicians' NPI number, name, credentials, practice address, phone number, and specialties, along with some other useful data.

The Physician Compare data on the facility affiliations of the doctors and clinicians, is very sparse, and doesn't even list the name of the facility, only its CCN identifier (CMS Certification Number) and PAC ID (PECOS Associate Control ID). For hospital and other facilities' names, address, and other data, you'll have to search and download numerous other files on the CMS website. CarePrecise acquires these from more than a dozen separate files. Alternatively you can purchase the CarePrecise Advanced dataset that includes all of the clinicians' data plus the facilities' data.

Free Physician Data

Within the free Physician Compare data is the Doctors and Clinicians National Downloadable File, which contains the following fields. The file is too large to be used in Excel, with its 1,048,576-row limit. You will need software that can accept more than that number of records, and a way to integrate it with the facility data in the next section, such as a SQL database, Microsoft Access, FileMaker Pro, or similar relational database software environment. (CarePrecise offers it all in an easy-to-use Microsoft Office format.)

• NPI (national Provider Identifier number)
• Individual's PAC ID
• Individual's Medicare Enrollment ID
• Last Name, First Name, Middle Name, Suffix
• Gender
• Credential(s)
• Medical school (for some)
• Graduation year (a useful means of inferring approximate age)
• Primary specialty
• Secondary specialties
• Whether the clinician offers telehealth services
• Name of the group the clinician works with
• Number of clinicians in the group
• Practice address fields
• Phone number
• Whether the clinician accepts Medicare's approve amount as full payment
• Whether the affiliated group accepts Medicare's approved amount as full payment
• Refence Address ID, indicating the specific suite within the same practice address building

Free Hospital and Other Facility Affiliation data

The Doctors and Clinicians Facility Affiliations file, which indicates the CCN numbers of hospitals and other medical facilities the doctors are affiliated with, contains these fields:

• Clinician's NPI number
• Clinician's Individual PAC ID
• Clinician's name fields
• Facility type (hospitals, long-term care, rehab, dialysis, etc.)
• CCN number of the facility
• CCN number of the parent/primary hospital where the clinician provides service

The file doesn't include the name or address of the facility. This file is too large to be used in Excel, which has a limitation of 1,048,576 rows.

Other files available in the Physician Compare download include:

• Doctors and Clinicians Quality Payment Program PY 2021 Clinician Public Reporting: Overall MIPS Performance
• Doctors and Clinicians Quality Payment Program PY 2021 Group Public Reporting: MIPS Measures
• Doctors and Clinicians Quality Payment Program PY 2021 Group Public Reporting: Patient Experience
• Doctors and Clinicians Quality Payment Program PY 2021 Virtual Group Public Reporting
• Doctors and Clinicians 2020 Clinician Utilization Data

None of these files include licensed data, such as board certification or residency information.

Conclusion

There is a lot of useful free information the Physician Compare downloadable files, but pulling it together with the more robust data in the NPI registry  – the National Plan and Provider Enumeration System (NPPES) file – is more than a little bit difficult, requiring special methods for dealing with the 7.5 million-record file, and some relational database chops, as well. The hospital affiliations include the CCN number, but not the name, address, phone, etc. of the facilities, requiring additional search and extraction steps. For users who have mastered using these free files but need these additional data, CarePrecise offers data packages that can easily be linked to the Physician Compare date, or they can skip downloading and processing the free files themselves and go to CarePrecise for the combined ready-to-use dataset.

For deeper data on the wide range of U.S. healthcare facilities, CarePrecise also offers the Authoritative Hospital Database, with data on more than 50,000 facilities.

CarePrecise offers its customers free guidance in finding free, downloadable healthcare provider data to fill a wide variety of needs, and works with many research programs that require highly specialized healthcare provider information.

CCN and PAC ID to NPI: Crosswalk between the NPI Registry and Hospital and Group Records

The federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) publishes a wide range of information on U.S. hospitals, which all carry the unique identifier, the CCN number (CMS Certification Number)*. On the other hand (which often seems to not know what its counterpart is doing), CMS also publishes the frequently updated NPPES database (National Plan and Provider Enumeration System), commonly known as the NPI Registry, which uses the NPI number (National Provider Identifier) as its unique identifier. While hospitals and other medical organizations will have only one CCN Number, they are required to have at least one NPI number, and they're permitted to have as many as they like (and they do seem to like quite a few). 

And, between these two ID systems, the CCN and the NPI, ne'er the twain shall meet.

CarePrecise has developed a sophisticated system to "roll up" an organization's NPI-numbered records with its CCN number (and with the PAC ID for practice groups, which stands for "PECOS Associate Control ID"). This mighty trick produces some eye-opening data, such as contact names and titles, license information, specializations, market data added by CarePrecise to NPI records, and the ability to crossmatch groups to their members and hospital affiliations, directly from their NPI numbers. It also permits integration across the complete line of CarePrecise provider data packages, and all of the information that CarePrecise collects or creates and then merges to the NPI records.

Currently, these CarePrecise rollups (or "crosswalks" if you prefer) are the only available such thing in a relatively comprehensive dataset. The full rollup of all medical facility NPI numbers is available for hospitals, and a single "priority" NPI number is currently available for practice groups, with a full rollup of all PAC ID-to-NPI linkages in development with a tentative release date in May 2023.

The hospital CCN-to-NPI crosswalk is part of the Authoritative Hospital Database (APD), and the Group PAC ID-to-NPI link is part of the Authoritative Physician Database (APD) and CarePrecise Platinum.

The "rolling up" is made possible by several CarePrecise innovations, starting with the CoLoCode (co-location code) affixed to almost every provider in the 7 million+ record CarePrecise master reference database. To fill in additional linkages, The CarePrecise HealthGeo geocode dataset, containing latitude and longitude for all 8.5 million+ provider records, which can readily be used to link data between data suppliers for a variety of purposes.

* The CMS Certification Number has replaced the term Medicare Provider Number, Medicare Identification Number or OSCAR Number. The CCN is used to verify Medicare/Medicaid providers for survey and certification, assessment-related activities and communications. Note that CarePrecise includes the old OSCAR Number in its CarePrecise Complete and CarePrecise Advanced/Platinum datasets, if reported by the provider in their NPI record(s) or available through third-parties, but this is a small fraction of records, and the OSCAR numbers have changed, hence the need for a CCN-to-NPI crosswalk.

How to Save Money on Healthcare Provider Data

It might seem like this is a shameless, self-serving promo for CarePrecise provider data packages. Unsurprisingly, our name does come up a lot when companies stagger away in shock from the prices our competitors charge. But that's not what this post is about. We're going to talk about (mostly) free data.

Hopefully this post will help you find provider data that's available for free from the U.S. government. Using free data you can boost the information value in any provider contact list. If you're working with a helpful data vendor, chances are they'll help you find where you can download particular kinds of data you're looking for. For instance, we have a lot of customers who use our basic hospital database who need additional components that we don't package with the product, but we know where to find them and we're glad to share our knowledge. 

Of course, we could pull all of that data into our hospital dataset, but there's SO much out there, and if we did that the product would be very expensive indeed. That database sells for $939 but would be a couple of orders of magnitude pricier with all of just the 70 U.S. hospital data files listed in just one spot on the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) website.

So, instead of trying to pack everything in, we bring together the hard-to-find/basic-necessity data, and assist customers in finding additional information specific to their particular need. Here are some of our more common recommendations.

When on the hunt for data gold, it can be painfully difficult to locate that needle in the haystack. The screenshot shows the count of the results of a search on the federal data website, data.gov, for "healthcare provider data." 127,500 datasets would be a daunting place to start digging. It's like, "Go get the gold! It's somewhere in that there mountain." Fortunately, we have had some experience with healthcare data excavation, and can often point our customers to pay dirt.

If you have talented data people, a good starting place is the NPPES dataset (National Plan and Provider Enumeration System), which contains about 7.4 million NPI records for individuals and organizations. The download file is much to large to use in ordinary office software, so your team will have to cut it into pieces. Or you can get the full NPPES already processed into a form to be used with Microsoft Office programs from CarePrecise. The CarePrecise product also contains additional data, such as sanctions, and whether or not a practitioner is enrolled to bill Medicare.

Once you have basic data on the providers, you'll want to add linkages between the clinicians and their practice groups and hospital affiliations. You can download the free Physician Compare database and have your tech team work its magic here, too, to make it useable on ordinary office computers. This used to be easier back when CMS included hospital information in the database, but now just to get all the hospital names and basic info you have to ingest ten additional datasets. The list is too big to include here, but highlights include the Licensed and Certified Healthcare Facility Listing where you'll find hospitals' CCN numbers matched to their names and addresses, and Medicare Inpatient Hospitals where you'll find some payment information. You'll want to head on back to CMS to pick up outpatient hospital info. These are just a few of the dozens of datasets we ingest on an ongoing basis to produce our monthly updates. For the datasets we monitor but don't regularly ingest, we're more than happy to help customers dig it up.

Hospital data is a bit easier to find and work with than practitioner data. For instance, the list of U.S. physicians is about 1.1 million doctors long, and that's too big to open in Excel. You'll need to get the physician files into a relational database for them to be very useful. If you're starting from the provider data catalog, you'll see the datasets for hospitals, home health agencies and other kinds of healthcare providers, as well as those doctors and other clinicians. You can also find physicians' CAHPS (patient experience metrics), as well as many of the types of procedures physicians perform.

Perhaps the best advice we find ourselves giving our customers who want to go it alone is to have a crackerjack tech team, or at least one person with a lot of database savvy, and start with buying a basic provider data product that you can use as a data structure template. Most federal data on clinicians is linked to their NPI number, so that's where you'll start building your relational database. Your next step is to talk with whoever sold you your basic data, and ask for help finding any missing components. CarePrecise prides itself on offering most of these, all ready to use, but some customers just enjoy the hunt, and even our most comprehensive data package can't contain everything you might want.

We don't shy away from telling our customers where they can find what they're looking for, even if the only place happens to be one of our competitors. In fact, CarePrecise data is compatible with data structures used across the industry. We even provide the Placekey for almost every record in our products, which connects our data with visitor traffic data and other Point of Interest (POI) products offered by other companies.

Many CarePrecise customers get our extended provider data package. CarePrecise Platinum has those elusive practice group and hospital affiliations, and software that makes it possible to get at exactly what you need without knowing anything about databases. It makes a great starting place for building your own bespoke database. 

About Updates

When you're finding and ingesting data, it's important to plan for updates. Some data sources are updated weekly, others monthly or quarterly, and some only on an annual basis. Create a table listing the resources and their update frequency, and build in the necessary automation to re-ingest them regularly.  This is especially important if your use case requires up-to-date information. This often overlooked step of building-in updates can be costly to do later on. Best if it's baked-in from the beginning. This includes your ingestion process for data you get from us, which you can automate to import the monthly or quarterly updates. We offer FTP delivery as an option, which can put the data directly onto your server, ready to be ingested by stored procedures that are triggered by the upload of the data, or by the modified date on the files.

If you want some help finding data sources, just speak with your CarePrecise representative. We may already have an affordable solution that will save you many hours of understanding an unfamiliar and often cryptic dataset. If we don't have it, your representative will help you find it.

One quick note... We offer these sourcing services to current CarePrecise subscribers. It would be great if we could open it up to everyone, but we have to keep our focus on our customers.

Again: Call for CMS to Release Tax Numbers

It's 2022 and still CMS fails to include healthcare organizations' tax numbers. Whether you call them TIN or EIN the numbers are not sensitive in any way, and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services should release them. This is a repost of an article from 2010, more than 3 years after the first NPI Registry data was made public - except, of course, for those tax numbers:

____

The NPI Final Rule called for CMS to establish a system that would assign a National Provider Identifier (NPI) number to essentially every healthcare provider in the U.S. (HIPAA "covered entities"): now more than 3 million providers and growing. Great. But it was years before CMS released that data for the industry to use. CarePrecise personnel were at the forefront even back then, calling for CMS to release the data. If necessary, we were ready to fight for it, filing our own request under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). Federal agencies can't keep such kinds of data from the public. It's the law. CMS eventually looked at FOIA, and at their provider data, and decided that, sure enough, they were going to have to release it. We and our clients were ecstatic; now the industry would be able to produce the complex crosswalks necessary to actually achieve the efficiencies promised by the Final Rule.

Hurray... except CMS decided not to release one of the most useful data points of all. A provider's federal tax number is hardly a private number. Businesses have to give their tax number on every imaginable type of transaction. Employees see the employer's number on their W-2s. CMS's excuse was that sole proprietors and pretty much all individual practitioners would have to give their Social Security Number, or that busy doctors might type in the SSN in the wrong spot. Fair enough, but, as everyone who works with data knows, it's a piece of cake to parse a tax number field to determine if the number is a SSN or a business tax number. In fact, that's just exactly what CMS does in the Other ID fields of the NPPES (National Plan and Provider Enumeration System) database, replacing 000-00-0000 with a string of equals signs.

Instead of just redacting the SSNs, CMS decided it was best just to wipe clean the complete Employer Identification Number (EIN) field -- just in case some uppity docs got... uppity. Many of us have been hoping that CMS would revisit the issue of this gaping hole in the provider data, but it seems that the issue is to be ignored so that it will just go away.

So, here we are, once again, years into it, asking CMS to release non-SSN tax numbers/EINs so that we -- health systems and health plans large and small, clearinghouses, HIT vendors, medical billing and coding vendors -- can make this data do what it was intended to do for healthcare and for the taxpayers.

____

Check out the NPI information at CarePrecise.

Out of the Silos: Combined Healthcare Provider Data

You always knew it was possible to get all of the rich federal data on healthcare providers together in one place, and in a form you could use on your PC. And you were simply ecstatic when CMS released the NPPES database! But then you downloaded it and learned that there is simply no normal desktop software that can make that data accessible to you. Rats!

Then CarePrecise created a version of that data -- our flagship product, CarePrecise Access Complete (CPAC), so you could use all 4 million provider records on your computer. Yay! But then you found that it was hard to get around in all that data. Rats! So CarePrecise released the CP ListMaker software that makes getting at the data you want a walk in the park. Excellent! And you wanted some way to know which providers were sanctioned, or that they were eligible to bill Medicare, so CarePrecise integrated data from the PECOS (Medicare) database and the LEIE (List of Excluded Individuals and Entities). Fantastic!

Then you wanted more than the single practice location and fuzzy practice group data that the NPPES gave you, so CarePrecise integrated all of the Physician Compare data with CPAC. Cool! And you wondered how would you ever tame all of that hospital data, so CarePrecise integrated a de-duplicated list of hospitals and the Hospital Compare data, and while we were at it, we included hooks into the hospital quality data and the upcoming physician quality data. And all of it -- the NPPES, PECOS, LEIE, Physician Compare, Hospital Compare (plus some really nice additional stuff like proper-cased name and address fields, provider service area wealth data, and urban/rural/suburban designations) -- all integrated into a single relational database, linked by the NPI number. And you though it couldn't be done.

Now we call that sweet package of data heaven by a weird name: The CarePrecise Total Bundle. And as we integrate upcoming federal data releases, will we be tucking them in there too? You betcha. That's what CarePrecise is all about: healthcare provider data integration and application.

It's brand new and available now: The only 360 degree view of U.S. healthcare provider data. Total Bundle pricing is just $689. That's less than 2/100ths of a penny per record for the most complete physician database / hospital database / dentist database... available anywhere.

You're welcome!

Two New Beta Provider Data Releases

This summer has seen one spectacular new release of healthcare provider data from CarePrecise already, and a second is on the way. The first one, released just a week ago, is already finding its way into EMR pre-population, new web apps, OpenPayments and HIE applications.

The Extended Professional, Group & Hospital(TM) dataset extends CarePrecise's flagship master database, CarePrecise Access Complete (CPAC), with verified group practice data for physicians and other providers, their hospital affiliations, medical schools and graduation years. The EPGH's Extended Hospital table provides an unduplicated list of all U.S. acute care, VA, children's and critical access hospitals that bill Medicare (essentially all of these hospital types bill Medicare, so this list is nearly complete; link it to hospital data in the CPAC, and you've got everything -- a more complete, up-to-date and verified database of physicians than the American Medical Association's list at a small fraction of the cost... plus more than 3 million other healthcare providers not included in the AMA data.

The EPGH has only been released in beta so far, and in beta it is being distributed to all current CPAC subscribers free of charge through September 2013. The EPGH/CPAC bundle is the only commercially available merged database of NPPES, LEIE, PECOS, PhysicianCompare and HospitalCompare data, and it contains all of the "hooks" necessary to link to CMS hospital quality data and forthcoming physician quality data.

Coming next is the beta release of CP ProCase(TM), a proper-case version of the name, mailing address and practice address in CPAC, for all approximately 4 million records. Using CPAC data for marketing and other communications will be easier and more professional looking. As with the EPGH dataset, the ProCase add-on will be available bundled with CPAC, and not separately.

Planned beta release of CP ProCase will coincide with the August 2013 CPAC update release. As with EPGH, ProCase will be distributed as a free beta for evaluation to all current CPAC subscribers. (Betas are not available on single download purchasers.)

And, as if that weren't enough, our popular software, CP ListMaker, is undergoing a rebuild to add EPGH functionality. (Proper casing is already a feature of CP ListMaker.) The new version -- 4.01 -- will sport new output queries that include the new extended data linked to list outputs, completely configurable to use the new information. Release date for CP ListMaker v4.01 is scheduled to coincide with the August CPAC data release.

Questions about the new products? Call your CarePrecise sales representative at (877) 782-2294.

Healthcare Fraud Recovery $4.2B for 2012

Attorney General Eric Holder and HHS Secretary Kathleen Sebelius released a report today indicating that for every $1 spent on healthcare fraud and abuse recovery, $7.90 has been returned to the treasury over the past three years. With the Obama administration making recovery a top priority, this is the highest level of return in the 16-year history of the program.

Health Care Fraud Prevention and Enforcement Action Team (HEAT) was created in 2009 to reduce fraud, waste and abuse in the Medicare and Medicaid programs and to crack down on individuals and organizations that are bleeding the system. Last year, the Justice Department opened 1,131 new criminal fraud investigations involving as many as 2,148 defendants. Convictions have been achieved on 826 defendants in fraud-related crimes during the year. In the same year, the department opened 885 new civil investigations.

In 2012, CMS began screening all 1.5 million Medicare-enrolled providers through the new Automated Provider Screening system. APS fingers ineligible and potentially fraudulent providers and suppliers prior to enrollment or revalidation. Nearly 150,000 ineligible providers have been eliminated from Medicare’s billing system so far. 

CarePrecise's standard database of healthcare providers includes a field that indicates providers who may still be active, but have been added to the federal List of Excluded Individuals and Entities, tying excluded providers to their NPI numbers.

5,000th Application Milestone

In April, 2012, CarePrecise will celebrate having built and released our 5,000th database application and version release! Actually, we will have released 5,049 (and maybe more) separate software applications, including state-by-state NPIdentify Desktop apps, CarePrecise Access sets, customized CarePrecise Select sets, CP ListMaker version upgrades, custom applications, and specialized MEDICAlistings marketing lists. In all, we will have distributed software and datasets representing nearly a terabyte of data and code since 2008. We're a privately held company and we don't release financials or our exact number of users, but we can say that it's between 500 and 1,000. And we love every single one!

A Nut Too Tough to Crack?

One of the hardest problems in health IT is the effort to get data from different silos into a centralized database that can be searched as a single dataset. So, this is us announcing our new "linking and shrinking" technology, code named "Squirrel." What does it do?

Squirrel is a record-linkage and deflation system that pulls in data from multiple federal provider databases in various formats, makes them play nice together by linking everything up under providers' NPI numbers, preserves all the data but shrinks the file size down to about 9% of the original size, puts it in a format that can be managed in Microsoft Access or other garden variety database software, downloads it to our customers, and then does it all again fresh every month.

The technology is built on record-linkage methods developed over twenty years. Interesting trivia: The precursor to the current system was built in Microsoft Access 1.0 -- you remember it, the Introductory Package -- in 1992. While we don't share all the secrets, the basic trick involves pattern matching algorithms and a lot of processing time to handle more than 13 million rows of data, comparing each provider's records between all the sources. The end result is called CarePrecise Access.

We just sent out a press release about the whole thing.

Now you'll excuse us, as we have some more nuts to collect and crunch on.

Medicare Wins in Vegas Fraud Case

Rakesh Nathu, a Las Vegas oncologist, settled his fraud case with the Justice Department yesterday for $5.7 million plus interest. Dr. Nathu was accused of submitting false claims to Medicare, TRICARE and the Federal Employees Health Plan for various radiation oncology services, including intensity modulated radiation therapy, and double billing for services. We hope he did better at the craps table. The government has recovered more than $7.3 billion in False Claim Act cases since 2009.

Among CarePrecise clients are law enforcement agencies working on federal and private payer fraud investigations. As a result of work done for our clients, we developed a means of matching the federal fraud conviction list with providers' NPI records, and associating certain demographic data with practice locations to help visualize patterns. Late in 2010 we began including the fraud data in our CarePrecise Access Complete dataset, and the additional economic data in CarePrecise Gold products. Now included is a flag that indicates provider records whose data strongly suggest a match with the federal LEIE (List of Excluded Individuals/Entities) database. Other features help investigators track providers' licensing, credentials, specialty codes, enrollment in the PECOS database, and numerous other functions.

Read the Justice Department news release.

Flaw in CMS Logic Causes Cost

When the NPI Final Rule (and all of its after-final rules) created the National Plan and Provider Enumeration System, there were many unknowns: Which datapoints would be released for the industry to use? loomed large. But another issue has come home to roost.

Organizations (Type 2 providers under the rule) were permitted to have as many NPI numbers as they liked, and they could structure their assignment of NPIs any which way. For instance, one hospital might get separate NPI numbers for each of its business units, while another got and NPI for each of its physical locations, another for each of the cluster of corporations, while some clever hospitals got an NPI for each reimbursement channel. And then of course, some hospitals got just one.

No problem with that -- the various business optimization strategies are interesting to observe, and surely make sense in their various contexts. The problem is that there is no primary NPI number per hospital or health system. That is to say, there is no way to know from the NPPES records which if any of the NPI records is a parent, and which is a child. Oh, of course, an army of human analysts can pore over the records and find 37 hospital NPI records each identifying, say, Mayonaise Health System as its parent. But a computer finds that task a bit difficult, since it will find many variations in the records, e.g.,

• Mayonaise Hospital
• Mayonaise Health System
• Mayo Hospital
• Mayo Hospitals
• Mayonaise Hospitals
• Miracle Whip Health
• and on an on

Thus, it becomes essentially impossible to say how many hospitals there are, even though we are looking at the complete set of federal records on hospitals. Had there been a primary or master NPI required for each General acute care hospital -- regardless of how many business units and other NPIs are involved, it would be possible to perform much more significant research on hospital service areas, densities, availability of care, duplication of services, and much more. (We've just started putting state-by-state physician and hospital counts on our home page at CarePrecise.com, but for now, we are able only to show the total of all hospital records -- 29,946 at present -- which is far more than the roughly 5,000 actual hospitals to whom all those records belong.)

The coyness built into the NPPES was more or less deliberate. American hospitals are a contentious lot, engaging in constant competition, and they did not want any more known about them than absolutely necessary. Coy data costs everyone money, and adds opacity to the healthcare system. Still, with the HospitalCompare project and our subsequent mining of all of these data sources, much can be learned, and the reach of each hospital organization can ultimately be published. Stay tuned.

Nearly 3000 Excluded Providers Still Practicing

You might wonder if, and if so, why, healthcare providers who have been convicted of Medicare fraud are still practicing medicine, writing prescriptions, and billing health plans (except, presumably, Medicare). Well, it's a good question. Apparently such a conviction may not get a provider's NPI deactivated.

For several months the number of providers that appear on both the HHS Office of Inspector General's excluded providers list and the current National Plan and Provider Enumeration System (NPPES) have hovered around 2,700.* But for December the number jumped to 2,925. Of that number, more than 1,400 are physicians.

For the past several months, CMS has dropped only 400 to 500 providers each month for various reasons; not all dropped NPI records are due to fraud convictions. Interestingly, the December NPPES dropped more than 1,000 records, while still including more than 2,900 providers listed in the LEIE (List of Excluded Individuals/Entities), the federal database primarily of healthcare providers convicted of fraud or other crime, for patient neglect or abuse, felony controlled substance conviction, or whose licenses have been revoked, suspended or surrendered. A small number of providers are included on the list for less serious reasons, including refusal to provide required information to HHS, and default on a federal healthcare education loan. An inquiry sent to CMS requesting information on the matter has not been answered.

Each month, nearly 30,000 new records are added to the NPI database, primarily representing new healthcare providers. On average, 33,000 records are updated (by the providers themselves in nearly every case). The December NPPES database includes 3,277,833 healthcare provider records. All HIPAA-covered U.S. healthcare providers are required to obtain an NPI record. For all practical purposes, a physician's NPI number, along with a DEA number, is required to write a prescription because pharmacies generally require them. Theoretically, at least, if a pharmacy could not find a valid NPI number, it could refuse to fill the prescription.

CarePrecise compiles federal healthcare provider data for use in research, clinical trial provider pool development, fraud prevention and marketing. Clients include health plans, educational institutions, drug companies, marketers, law enforcement, health systems and individual providers.
_______
* Source: CarePrecise research data. Methodology involves cross-referencing the two databases using proprietary algorithms to affix NPI numbers to providers in the fraud database; the fraud database (LEIE) does not include NPI numbers, making it difficult to track against practicing providers. Actual number of providers on both lists may be higher; the cross-referencing algorithm is used conservatively.

Call for CMS to Release Tax Number Data

The NPI Final Rule called for CMS to establish a system that would assign a National Provider Identifier (NPI) number to essentially every healthcare provider in the U.S. (HIPAA "covered entities"): now more than 3 million providers and growing. Great. But it was years before CMS released that data for the industry to use. CarePrecise personnel were at the forefront even back then, calling for CMS to release the data. If necessary, we were ready to fight for it, filing our own request under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). Federal agencies can't keep such kinds of data from the public. It's the law. CMS eventually looked at FOIA, and at their provider data, and decided that, sure enough, they were going to have to release it. We and our clients were ecstatic; now the industry would be able to produce the complex crosswalks necessary to actually achieve the efficiencies promised by the Final Rule.

Hurray... except CMS decided not to release one of the most useful data points of all. A provider's federal tax number is hardly a private number. Businesses have to give their tax number on every imaginable type of transaction. Employees see the employer's number on their W-2s. CMS's excuse was that sole proprietors and pretty much all individual practitioners would have to give their Social Security Number, or that busy doctors might type in the SSN in the wrong spot. Fair enough, but, as everyone who works with data knows, it's a piece of cake to parse a tax number field to determine if the number is a SSN or a business tax number.In fact, that's just exactly what CMS does in the Other ID fields of the NPPES (National Plan and Provider Enumeration System) database, replacing 000-00-0000 with a string of equals signs.

Instead of just redacting the SSNs, CMS decided it was best just to wipe clean the complete Employer Identification Number (EIN) field -- just in case some uppity docs got... uppity. Many of us have been hoping that CMS would revisit the issue of this gaping hole in the provider data, but it seems that the issue is to be ignored so that it will just go away.

So, here we are, once again, years into it, asking CMS to release non-SSN tax numbers/EINs so that we -- health systems and health plans large and small, clearinghouses, HIT vendors, medical billing and coding vendors -- can make this data do what it was intended to do for healthcare and for the taxpayers.